THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES FOR HEART DISEASE .
RIGHT - HEART BEDSIDE CATHETERIZATION ( SWAN - GANZ ) .
Right heart bedside catheterization or Swan-Ganz catheterization include the distance of a catheter in the right side of the heart to obtain diagnostic information on heart and provide a continuous monitoring of cardiac function in critically ill patients. The test can be carried out intensive care clinic for children or a special procedure like cardiac catheterization laboratory. It is sometimes a mild sedative before the procedure. Trained medical catheter should be more toward the right side of the heart through a large vein. Usually in a vein on the right side of the package is used. However, the left side of the neck, on both sides of the groin, and other sites may be used.
Before inserting the catheter, the area used to be cleaned with soap sterile injected under local anesthesia and intravenous (IV) catheter is exported with a needle. Catheter is inserted through the IV and then directly into a vein. Catheter should be in the right atrium (top chamber) and the tricuspid valve cardiac output of right ventricle (lower chamber) through the pulmonary valve and pulmonary artery. Measurements of pulmonary arterial pressure can be measured indirectly by use of the left ventricle. Position of the catheter within the heart or chest X-ray fluoroscopy during the confirmation process and the equipment to read and follow the pressures within the heart.
During the procedure, the heart rhythm are continuously monitored (ECG).
You may not use any food or liquids for 8 hours before the operation. You may need hospitalization evening procedure. Otherwise, be admitted to the hospital or outpatient procedure in the morning, when the procedure is elective. Critically ill patients, the test can be performed in intensive care. To use the coat and provides access, signed consent process. health care provider to explain the procedure and its risks. A mild sedative is usually given 30 minutes before the procedure.
INTRA-AORTIC BALLON PUMPING .
The pump intra-aortic balloon (IABP) is a mechanical device used to reduce myocardial oxygen demand, while increasing cardiac output. By increasing cardiac output it also increases coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen supply as well. It consists of a cylindrical polyethylene is in the aorta, approximately 2 cm from the subclavian artery and left counterpulsates. In other words, he actively emptied in systole further blood flow by reducing afterload and breathes actively following in the bloodstream increases diastolic coronary arteries. These measures were the combined result of decreased myocardial oxygen demand and increasing myocardial oxygen supply.
The balloon inflated during the resting phase is a computer-controlled system, which is usually associated with either the ECG or pressure sensor is a distal tip of the catheter, SOME IABPs as Datascope System 98XT, allows asynchronous pumping rate is interest, even if this regulation is rarely used. The computer controls the flow of helium cylinder and then a balloon. Helium is used because of its low viscosity will allow its travel quickly through the long connecting tubes, and lower risk of causing dangerous blood clots should be a rupture of the balloon during use.
The IABP is a polyethylene balloon mounted on a catheter, usually inserted into the aorta via the femoral artery in the leg. The pump is available in a wide range of sizes (2.5 cc to 50 cc) that will fit patients of all ages and sizes. The balloon is guided into the descending aorta, approximately 2 cm of the left subclavian artery. In early diastole, balloon inflated, the improvement of coronary perfusion. In early systole and empty the balloon, the blood ejected from the left ventricle, which increases cardiac output by as much as 40 percent and reduce left ventricular work stroke and myocardial oxygen demand. In this way, indirectly supports the heart balloon.
The IABP is driven by the balloon pump console. Operating profit control is located on a touch pad below the LCD display and can be programmed to produce rates as high as 140 beats per minute. The battery provides energy to the board for a maximum of two hours.
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